Giudizio finale o giudizio imparziale? Un'ipotesi
Autore | Giuseppe Maria Gallo |
Pagine | 537-538 |
Page 537
L'ordinanza in rassegna ripropone un'importante questione ancora sospesa fra i fondamentali principi di cui agli artt. 3, 25, 101 e 111 della Costituzione ed il combinato disposto degli articoli 511, 514 e 525 - comma 2 - del codice di procedura penale.
Il nodo da sciogliere pertiene alla valida acquisizione di una prova dibattimentale che, stando all'attuale legislazione, viene inficiata dal successivo mutamento - totale o parziale - del collegio.
La Consulta, insomma, è stata investita della decisione sull'utilizzabilità, ai fini del «verdetto», delle dichiarazioni testimoniali (od «affini»), in un primo tempo, ritualmente rese innanzi ad un giudice di poi cambiato.
Page 538
Nel Capo I del Titolo III del Libro VII del codice processuale, si rinviene il primo periodo del comma 2 dell'art. 525, a mente del quale: «Alla deliberazione concorrono, a pena di nullità assoluta, gli stessi giudici che hanno partecipato al dibattimento».
Orbene, il richiamo al tema della nullità «assoluta», non frequentissimo nell'elaborazione di questo codice, farebbe ritenere sacrificabile il principio del tempus regit actum in favore della più concreta prospettiva valutativa del decidente.
Infatti, il successivo art. 526 del c.p.p. è riservato alle Prove utilizzabili ai fini della deliberazione, le quali sono proprio quelle «legittimamente acquisite al dibattimento», nell'ottica dell'identità personale del giudice «che, senza mutare, ha partecipato al dibattimento» (in virtù di un principio consacrato nel già citato art. 525, che, anche «topograficamente» nella stesura del codice, manifesta una posizione di netta priorità sistematica sulla richiamata seguente disposizione).
Ordunque, come poter ritenere sanabile...
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