Singling out Legal Knowledge from World Knowledge. An NLP-based Approach

AutoreFrancesca Bonin - Felice Dell'orletta - Giulia Venturi - Simonetta Montemagni
CaricaResearchers at the Institute of Computational Linguistics 'Antonio Zampolli' of the CNR - Pisa.
Pagine217-229
Singling out Legal Knowledge from World Knowledge.
An NLP-based Approach
FRAN CES CA BON IN, FELI CE DEL L’ORLET TA
GIUL IA VE NTU RI, SI MON ETTA MONT EM AGNI
SUMM ARY:1. Introduction – 2. Background and Motivation – 3. The Term Ex-
traction Approach – 4. Experiments and Results – 5. Evaluation – 5.1. General
Evaluation Criteria – 5.2. Discussion of Results – 6. Conclusion
1. INT RODU CTI ON
Scholars committed to modeling legal domain knowledgehave widely ac-
knowledged with the need for domain-specif‌ic knowledge organization, i.e.
legal ontologies, where domain knowledge (legal knowledge) and knowledge
of domains of interest to be regulated (referred to as world knowledge) are
not mixed. However, as pointed out in Breuker and Hoekstra1, the indis-
criminate mixture of the two types of knowledge is a common attitude in
constructing legal ontologies. In particular, Breuker and colleagues speak
of epistemological promiscuity, putting the emphasis on how this is a serious
problem in core ontology development. They point out that many legal on-
tologies collapse together epistemological and ontological perspectives. Start-
ing from the well-known assumptionthat “by its very nature, law deals with
behaviour in the world”, they discuss how domain independent concepts
of law are tained with common-sense notions which refer to social activi-
ties. Interestingly, they claim that “the domain ontologies [they]developed
in the various project contained almost ninety-nine percent terms that be-
longed to the category ‘world knowledge’, i.e. the world the legal domain is
about”. On the contrary, a core ontology should exclusively include “typical
The Authors are Researchers at the Institute of Computational Linguistics “Antonio
Zampolli” of the CNR - Pisa. The research reported in the paper has been partly sup-
ported by the Italian FIRB project “Piattaforma di servizi integrati per l’Accesso semantico
e plurilingue ai contenuti culturali italiani nel web”. The Authors would like to thank An-
gela D’Angelo of the Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna of Pisa and Paolo Plini of the Institute of
Atmospheric Pollution, Environmental Terminology Unit (CNR, Rome) who contributed
as domain experts to the evaluation process.
1J. BREU KER, R. HO EKST RA,Epistemology and Ontology in Core Ontologies: FOLaw
and LRI-Core, Two Core Ontologies for Law, in “Proceedingsof the Workshop on Core On-
tologies in Ontology Engineering” (EKAW04), Northamptonshire, UK, 2004, pp. 15-27.

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